Writing verbs
Cognitive outcomes
| Option | Knowledge | Comprehension | Application | Analysis | Synthesis | Evaluation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | define | discuss | compute | distinguish | diagnose | evaluate |
| 2 | list | describe | demonstrate | analyze | propose | compare |
| 3 | recall | explain | illustrate | differentiate | design | assess |
| 4 | name | identify | operate | compare | manage | justify |
| 5 | recognize | translate | perform | contrast | hypothesize | judge |
| 6 | state | restate | interpret | categorize | summarize | appraise |
| 7 | repeat | express | apply | appraise | plan | rate |
| 8 | record | convert | use | classify | formulate | choose |
| 9 | label | estimate | practice predict |
outline | arrange organize |
decide |
Affective outcomes
| Option | Receiving | Responding | Valuing | Organization | Value Complex |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | site erect | answer | join | adhere | act |
| 2 | reply | greet | share | integrate | practice |
| 3 | accept | read | complete | organize | discriminate |
| 4 | show | report | follow | n/a | influence |
Psychomotor outcomes
| Option | Perception | Set | Guided Response | Mechanism | Complex | Adaptation | Origination |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | identify | react | display | display | display | adapt | create |
| 2 | detect | respond | display | display | manipulate | revise | compose |
| 3 | differentiate | start | manipulate | manipulate | work | change | arrange |
| 4 | n/a | n/a | work | work | operate | n/a | n/a |
| 5 | n/a | n/a | n/a | perform | write | n/a | n/a |
Words that should not be used as cognitive objectives
- appreciate
- approach
- become
- expand horizons
- grasp significance
- grow
- have faith in
- improve
- increase
- know
- learn
- really know
- think critically
- understand